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An Achievement Test for Knowledge-Based Systems: QUEM

This paper describes QUEM, a method for assessing the skill level of a knowledge-based system based on the quality of the solutions it produces. QUEM is demonstrated by using it to assess the performance of a particular knowledge-based system, P. QUEM can be viewed as an achievement or job placement test given to know ledge-based systems to help system designers determine how the system should ...

QUEM: An Achievement Test for Knowledge-Based Systems

This paper describes the QUality and Experience Metric (QUEM), a method for estimating the skill level of a knowledgebased system based on the quality of the solutions it produces. It allows one to assess how many years of experience the system would be judged to have if it were a human by providing a quantitative measure of the system’s overall competence. QUEM can be viewed as a type of achie...

Quem somos nós: os Wari ́ encontram os Brancos

Trophic Interactions Between Two Herbivorous Insects, <em>Galerucella calmariensis</em> and <em>Myzus lythri</em>, Feeding on Purple Loosestrife, <em>Lythrum salicaria</em>, and Two Insect Predators, <em>Harmonia axyridis</em> and <em>Chrysoperla carnea</

The effects of two herbivorous insects, Galerucella calmariensis Duftschmid and Myzus lythri L. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), feeding on purple loosestrife, Lythrum salicaria L. (Myrtiflorae: Lythraceae), were measured in the presence of two insect predators, Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). A greenhouse cage experi...